Rural Transgender Health: Primary Care experiences

  • Research type

    Research Study

  • Full title

    Rural Transgender Health: A mixed methods exploratory study of barriers and facilitators to GP-delivered primary care in remote and rural Scotland.

  • IRAS ID

    358445

  • Contact name

    Oliver Wain

  • Contact email

    oliver.wain@nhs.scot

  • Sponsor organisation

    NHS Highland

  • Duration of Study in the UK

    0 years, 6 months, 31 days

  • Research summary

    This project aims to explore the experiences of the transgender and non-binary populations barriers and facilitators to primary care in the remote and rural Highlands and Argyll and Bute. Trans people in Scotland experience a range of barriers and facilitators to primary care and experience health inequalities (Valentine and Oulds, 2024 and Saunders et al, 2023). There is limited evidence on transgender experiences of rural primary care in remote and rural Scotland, in particular synthesized with experiences of GPs. This project aims to address this gap to identify service provision and educational needs and generate themes for future exploration.
    This project also seeks to explore barriers and facilitators experienced by GPs in providing healthcare to trans and non-binary people. Remote and rural clinicians face unique challenges to providing care, as demonstrated by concerns regarding the 2018 GP contract. Remote and rural areas of Scotland have the highest GP to patient ratios in the country, and there remains conflicting views about the role of primary care in trans healthcare provision (Crowley et al, 2021).
    To explore these intersecting themes around rurality and caring for trans people, this mixed methods study will combine qualitative and quantitative data to understand what helps and hinders trans people’s health and primary care provision. Methods will include separate surveys for the trans community and the GP community, and semi-structured peer-led interviews with trans participants. The project is anticipated to take 6 months to report publication.

    Expected outputs from the study may include a report with practical recommendations for GP practices and educational resources for National Education for Scotland, and peer-reviewed academic publication. Findings will be shared with key stakeholders, trans and GP communities, and Scottish Government to support inclusive and effective primary care for rural transgender people.

  • REC name

    London - Surrey Research Ethics Committee

  • REC reference

    25/PR/1248

  • Date of REC Opinion

    6 Oct 2025

  • REC opinion

    Further Information Favourable Opinion