Improving assessment of neoadjuvant treatment in rectal cancer

  • Research type

    Research Study

  • Full title

    RECTIFY - Rectal cancer: Prediction and assessment of neoadjuvant treatment response using functional imaging

  • IRAS ID

    364669

  • Contact name

    Benjamin James Rea

  • Contact email

    benjamin.rea@nhs.net

  • Sponsor organisation

    University of Sheffield

  • Duration of Study in the UK

    1 years, 5 months, 30 days

  • Research summary

    Locally advanced rectal cancer is usually treated with surgery, sometimes after a course of neoadjuvant treatment to shrink the tumour. In recent years, some patients have been found to respond completely to the neoadjuvant treatment. This has introduced the possibility of organ-preservation approaches such as "watch and wait" strategy. However, to safely offer a non-operative approach, we require highly reliable imaging to detect incomplete response or early tumour recurrence. Current MRI techniques are limited in differentiating between treatment-related changes and residual tumour. This can lead to overstaging after completion of treatment, and not offering a non-operative approach to suitable patients.

    This pilot study aims to investigate whether advanced MRI techniques can better predict and monitor the response of rectal cancer to neoadjuvant treatment using perfusion biomarkers. We will also explore the potential role of photon-counting CT, a newer imaging technique in assessing response and monitoring of treatment in rectal cancer.

    We plan to recruit up to 20 adults with histologically confirmed locally advanced rectal cancer, who are already scheduled to receive neoadjuvant therapy by their clinicians. After providing informed consent, participants will undergo baseline MRI scans before starting treatment. Their response to treatment will be evaluated at routine clinical time points. These scheduled scans will include additional MRI sequences as a part of this research. Photon-counting CT will be utilised during routine follow-up imaging in the surveillance period. No additional hospital visits beyond standard care are anticipated after starting treatment.

    By combining novel functional MRI measures with photon-counting CT metrics, this study aims to improve the
    accuracy of post-neoadjuvant treatment response assessment. The findings may help refine surveillance strategies and support safer patient selection for organ-preservation management in the future.

  • REC name

    London - Surrey Research Ethics Committee

  • REC reference

    26/PR/0277

  • Date of REC Opinion

    26 Mar 2026

  • REC opinion

    Further Information Favourable Opinion