Implementation of Contingency Management in Drug and Alcohol Services

  • Research type

    Research Study

  • Full title

    Translating Research into Practice: An Investigation into the Translation, Adaption and Implementation of Contingency Management into Drug and Alcohol Treatment Services in England

  • IRAS ID

    347396

  • Contact name

    Tim Weaver

  • Contact email

    t.weaver@mdx.ac.uk

  • Sponsor organisation

    Middlesex University

  • Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier

    24899, Middlesex Research Ethics Committee (Phase 1); 27904, Middlesex Research Ethics Committee (Phase 2)

  • Duration of Study in the UK

    0 years, 7 months, 1 days

  • Research summary

    Psycho-social interventions are a mainstay of treatment for problematic substance use. Current UK clinical guidelines recommend they should always be used alongside medical treatments like opiate agonist treatment (OAT). An evidence based intervention supported by the guidelines is Contingency Management (CM). CM is a behavioural intervention which ‘rewards’ people when they meet an agreed target behaviour. For example; attending an appointment, or providing a substance-free urine sample. The reward – known as ‘positive reinforcement’ - is usually financial (e.g. a voucher or cash) coupled with praise. In this way CM can encourage changes in behaviour that support people's recovery.

    However, despite good evidence that CM works, guidance encouraging its use, and examples of innovative practice, it is unclear how treatment services have implemented this evidence-based intervention in England.

    The study will investigate the implementation of CM, exploring the organisational, professional and contextual factors that affect implementation.

    This PhD research, funded by the Society for the Study of Addiction will draw on theories and research methods designed to study health service implementation (Implementation Science). These approaches have been under-employed in the Addictions field.

    The study has two phases:
    Phase 1: A National Survey of the Implementation of CM in England
    This will involve a national survey of treatment services to establish how many services are using CM and in what form.

    Phase 2: A Case Study Investigation of the Implementation of CM in England
    Case studies in services where there is experience of delivering a CM programme. Focus groups with services users and clinicians will be carried out and interviews with service managers, senior staff and commissioners. These methods will explore the factors influencing the implementation of CM. This will provide a new perspective on implementation and help better understand how services (working effectively with commissioners) can improve the implementation of CM in England.

  • REC name

    East of England - Cambridge East Research Ethics Committee

  • REC reference

    25/EE/0199

  • Date of REC Opinion

    21 Aug 2025

  • REC opinion

    Favourable Opinion