Efficacy of Adventure Therapy for People with Psychological Distress

  • Research type

    Research Study

  • Full title

    The Efficacy of Adventure Therapy in a Clinical Setting: An Individualised Approach

  • IRAS ID

    356230

  • Contact name

    Calum Muskett

  • Contact email

    pesa18@bangor.ac.uk

  • Sponsor organisation

    Bangor University, College of Medicine and Health

  • Duration of Study in the UK

    0 years, 7 months, 27 days

  • Research summary

    Why
    The number of people living with mental health difficulties is increasing, and many need new and effective ways to support their recovery. Adventure therapy is one approach that combines outdoor activities with psychological support. The idea is that being outdoors and taking part in activities such as climbing or walking can help people feel better, learn new ways to cope, and support their personal growth. It may be especially useful for people living with conditions such as anxiety, psychosis, depression, or difficulties linked to trauma. Although adventure therapy is already used in some places, there is little scientific research about how well it works for people receiving care in NHS psychology services.

    What
    This study will test adventure therapy as a way of supporting people referred to NHS psychology services. It will focus on how and why the approach works, not just whether it helps. In particular, the study will explore two ideas:

    whether improvements in emotion regulation (how people manage their feelings) are an important part of how adventure therapy helps, and

    whether personal goal setting makes the therapy more individualised and increases people’s engagement.

    Who
    We will work with clinical psychologists in three NHS services within Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB): the Substance Misuse Service, Early Intervention in Psychosis, and the Diabetes Psychology Service. Clinical psychologists will help to identify and invite people currently receiving care who may benefit from taking part.

    When
    The adventure therapy programme will run for 10 weeks. Each week, participants will take part in a 3-hour session, either climbing or walking. There will be a 4-week period before the sessions start, to allow us to use a staggered baseline design. Participants will also be followed up 6 months after the programme ends to see if the benefits last.

    How
    The research team will deliver the adventure therapy sessions in partnership with NHS clinicians. Each person’s programme will be individualised, with activities and goals tailored to their needs and preferences. This focus on personal choice is central to the intervention.

    The study will use a single-case experimental design. This means we will look closely at changes over time for each person, rather than only comparing averages across groups. A Bayesian analysis will be used to give a detailed picture of change. Alongside improvements in wellbeing, we will also look at outcomes such as emotion regulation, goal achievement, use of NHS services.

  • REC name

    Yorkshire & The Humber - Bradford Leeds Research Ethics Committee

  • REC reference

    25/YH/0260

  • Date of REC Opinion

    13 Jan 2026

  • REC opinion

    Further Information Favourable Opinion