Clinical Examination of Cavovarus Feet
Research type
Research Study
Full title
Identification of forefoot morphotypes in cavovarus feet without the need for specialised software
IRAS ID
371432
Contact name
Karan Malhotra
Contact email
Sponsor organisation
Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital
Duration of Study in the UK
0 years, 11 months, 30 days
Research summary
Cavovarus feet are complex deformities in multiple planes. There is little consensus on the best way to address deformities. Furthermore there are various different phenotypes and we have previously described 4 distinct forefoot morphotypes that exist. It has been hypothesised that the various morphotypes could benefit from differing surgical strategies.
However, identification of forefoot morphotypes has only been possible thus far using specialised semi-automated software and 3D animating software to manually identify morphotypes. It is therefore not straightforward to identify which patients may benefit from which surgery and this is not translatable to surgeons outside of a specialist centre.
The utility of this classification has been thus far limited to research.
There is a burning need to explore ways in which identification of forefoot morphotypes can be translated to other centres using techniques such as basic imaging or clinical examination to identify patients with different morphotypes.
At RNOH we have a large, complex cohort of patients with neuromuscular foot and ankle deformity and cavovarus feet. We also have access to advanced imaging techniques which we employ in routine care of our patients. We further have access to the software and previous research tools used to identify forefoot morphotypes.
We have for many years been examining cavovarus feet and documenting the various clinical findings. We also run teaching clinics combined with registrars where patients are routinely examined as part of routine care and pre-operative work up.
Therefore we are ideally and uniquely placed to carry out this research which is an extension of our previous work.
Our primary aim is to identify a reproducible method of distinguishing between the various forefoot morphotypes in cavovarus feet in patients with Charcot Marie Tooth disease (CMT).
This will include investigating the utility of clinical examination and manual measurements (without specialised software) on WBCT.
We will also aim to examine the reproducibility of any techniques such as clinical examination
Our hypothesis is that clinical examination should be able to distinguish between the various forefoot morphotypes.
REC name
Wales REC 5
REC reference
26/WA/0132
Date of REC Opinion
18 May 2026
REC opinion
Favourable Opinion